The Trump administration still plans to impose sanctions on Turkey and remove it from a critical fighter jet program if the NATO ally acquires Russian air defenses, US officials told Reuters, despite the Turkish president’s assurances to the contrary.
After meeting with US President Donald Trump over the weekend in Japan, Turkish President Tayyip Erdoğan said Ankara would be spared damaging US sanctions once Russia’s S-400 air defense system starts arriving in Turkey in the coming days.
Trump appeared sympathetic to Erdoğan at the talks and reluctant to publicly commit to sanctions — despite being repeatedly asked by reporters.
But US government officials told Reuters that, at least so far, the administration intends to impose sanctions on Turkey and pull it from the F-35 fighter jet program if it takes delivery of the Russian S-400 system, as expected.
“The United States has consistently and clearly stated that Turkey will face very real and negative consequences if it proceeds with its S-400 acquisition, including suspension of procurement and industrial participation in the F-35 program and exposure to sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act [CAATSA],” a State Department spokeswoman said.
At the Pentagon, spokesman Air Force Lt. Col. Mike Andrews said, “Nothing has changed.”
“Turkey’s purchase of the Russian S-400 air and missile defense system is incompatible with the F-35 program. Turkey will not be permitted to have both systems,” Andrews said.
If the United States removes Turkey from the F-35 program and imposes sanctions on the NATO ally, it would be one of the most significant ruptures in recent history in the relationship between the two nations.
Trump, who has a rapport with Erdoğan, could still try to change course by seeking to issue a waiver and postpone sanctions. Such a move would please Ankara but upset some of Trump’s allies in Congress.
He has broken with his advisors on other foreign policy decisions.
He announced plans to withdraw US troops from Syria last December after another conversation with Erdoğan, despite opposition from US military advisers and US allies. He later scaled back the extent of the withdrawal to allow some troops to remain in Syria.
Speaking in Japan last week, Trump blamed former President Barack Obama’s administration for failing to help Turkey acquire a US alternative to the S-400 system — Patriot missiles, made by Raytheon Co. He said Erdoğan was not at fault.
“He got treated very unfairly,” Trump said.
Even minor US sanctions could prompt another sharp selloff of the Turkish lira. A 30 percent slide in the currency drove the economy into recession last year, and the lira has lost another 10 percent this year. Hard-hit Turkish financial assets jumped on Monday after Erdoğan’s latest upbeat remarks.
But a Trump decision to withhold or delay sanctions would be less difficult than backtracking on US threats to kick Turkey out of the F-35 program, experts said.
The United States has said the S-400s are not compatible with NATO’s defense network and could compromise its Lockheed Martin F-35 stealth fighter jets, an aircraft Turkey is helping to build and planning to buy.
Republicans and Democrats in Congress are broadly opposed to allowing Turkey to have both systems.
To show it is serious, Washington has already started the process of removing Turkey from the F-35 program. It has halted the training of Turkish pilots in the United States on the aircraft and refused to accept any others.
Some experts believe Trump could try to change course, potentially using a last-minute deal on the Patriots as a way of saving face for him and Erdoğan.
“Trump may try and get a waiver,” said Aaron Stein, director of the Middle East program at the Foreign Policy Research Institute (FPRI).
“This may only buy 180 more days to reach a deal on the Patriots while the S-400s are deployed and Turkey is removed from the F-35 consortium,” he said.
“The end result is, in a best case scenario for Turkey, a tenuous waiver from sanctions, an angry Congress and a future without an aircraft Ankara has paid well over a billion dollars to procure.”