The leaders of Russia, Germany, France and Turkey on Saturday stressed the importance of a lasting ceasefire in Syria and said a committee to create a new constitution should meet by the end of the year, Reuters reported.
The leaders of the four countries gathered for a summit in İstanbul to discuss Syria, where violence this week in the last remaining major rebel stronghold has highlighted the fragility of a deal to avert a massive government offensive.
Ankara, which has long backed rebels seeking to overthrow President Bashar al-Assad, and Moscow, Assad’s principal foreign ally, brokered a deal last month to create a demilitarized zone in the northwest Idlib region.
Idlib and adjacent areas are the last stronghold of the rebels, who rose up against Assad in 2011. The area is home to an estimated 3 million people, more than half of whom have already fled other areas as government forces advanced.
“Russia and Turkey have negotiated an agreement that must be strictly implemented. Assurances were made on this point, … We will all be extremely vigilant to ensure that these commitments are met and that the ceasefire is stable and sustainable,” French President Emmanuel Macron told reporters.
“We are counting on Russia to exert a very clear pressure on the [Syrian] regime which very clearly owes it its survival.”
Shelling in Idlib killed at least seven civilians on Friday, the largest one-day loss of life there since Russian air strikes stopped in mid-August, a war monitor said.
Under their deal last month, Turkey and Russia agreed to set up a buffer zone running 15-20 kilometers (9-13 miles) into rebel territory that had to be evacuated of all heavy weaponry and jihadist fighters.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said Turkey was fulfilling its obligation regarding the agreement on Idlib. The process was not easy, and Russia plans to continue cooperating, he said.
Macron, Putin, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and German Chancellor Angela Merkel also called for the convening of a constitutional committee by the end of the year, according to their joint communiqué.
Erdoğan told reporters that should be done “as soon as possible,” adding that he hoped it would be before the end of the year.
Participants at a Syrian peace conference in Russia in January agreed to form the 150-member committee to rewrite the Syrian constitution, with a third chosen by the government, a third by opposition groups and a third by the United Nations.
UN envoy Staffan de Mistura told the Security Council on Friday that Damascus now wants the United Nations to facilitate the writing of the constitution but does not want it to name a third of the committee members.